? | uncertain. |
AEW | VRIES, Jan de. 1961. Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Leiden. |
AG |
NOREEN, Adolf. 1904. Altschwedische Grammatik. Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken germanischer Dialekte 7. Altnordische Grammatik 2. Halle. |
ANF |
Arkiv for nordisk Filologi[vols 1–4]; Arkiv för nordisk filologi [vols 5–]. |
A-SD |
BOSWORTH, Joseph, and T. Northcote TOLLER. 1972. An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary. Ed. And enlarged by Alistair CAMPBELL. Oxford. |
Da. |
Danish (modern). |
DÆDSO |
LUND, G. F. V. 1877. Det ældste danske Skriftsprogs Ordforråd. Copenhagen. |
Das Runenwörterbuch |
DIETERICH, Udo Waldemar. 2004 [reprint of 1844]. Das Runenwörterbuch. Abstammung und Begriffsbildung der ältesten Sprachdenkmäler Skandinaviens. Wiesbaden. |
dial. |
dialect. |
Far. |
Faroese (modern). |
FO |
POULSEN, Hendrik W., et al., eds. 1998. Føroysk orðabók. Tórshavn. |
Fv |
Fornvännen. |
GG |
BRØNDUM-NIELSEN, Johannes. 1932–1974. Gammeldansk Grammatik. 8 vols [1. Indledning. Tekstkildernes Lydbetegnelse. Vokalisme (1950; 2nd edn); 2. Konsonantisme (1932) + Tilføjelser og Rettelser (1957); 3. Substantivernes Deklination (1935); 4. Adjektiver. Adverbier. Numeralier (1992); 5. Pronominer (1965); 6. Verber I. De stærke Verber (1971a); 7. De svage Verber. De præteritopræsentiske Verber (1971b); 8. Verber III. Konjugationsformernes Udvikling (1974)]. Copenhagen. |
GLRBP |
SOPHOCLES, E. A. 1900. Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods (from B. C. 146 to A. D. 1100). New York. |
Heggstad |
HEGGSTAD, Leiv, Finn HØDNEBØ and Erik SIMENSEN. 1975. Norrøn ordbok. Oslo. |
Ice. |
Icelandic (modern). |
IEW |
JÓHANNESSON, Alexander. 1951–56. Isländisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Berne. |
ÍO |
MAGNÚSSON, Ásgeir Blöndal. 1989. Íslensk orðsifjabók. Reykjavík. |
Kalkar |
KALKAR, Otto. 1976. Ordbog til det ældre danske Sprog (1300–1700). Reprint. 6 vols [1. A–F; 2. G–L; 3. M–Sl; 4. Sm–Ø; 5. A–Ø (Suppl.); 6. Marie Bjerrum, Otto Kalkar og hans ordbog; Kilder og hjælpemidler; Efterskrift]. Copenhagen. |
KLNM |
KARKER, Allan, et al., eds. 1956–78. Kulturhistorisk leksikon for nordisk middelalder fra vikingetid til reformationstid. 22 vols [1. Abbed–blide (1956); 2. Blik–data (1957); 3. Datering–epiphania (1958); 4. Epistolarium–frälsebonde (1959); 5. Frälsebrev–gästgiveri (1960); 6. Gästning–hovedgård (1961); 7. Hovedstad–judar (1962); 8. Judas–konfiskation (1963); 9. Konge–kyrkorummet (1964); 10. Kyrkorätt–Ludus de Sancto Canuto (1965); 11. Luft–motståndsrätt (1966); 12. Mottaker–orlogsskib (1967); 13. Ormer–regnbue (1968); 14. Regnebræt–samgäld (1969); 15. Samisk språk–skude (1970); 16. Skudehandel–stadsskatter (1971); 17. Stadskole–sätesgård (1972); 18. Sätesgårdsnamn–Tryygor (1974); 19. Trylle–vidisse (1975); 20. Vidjer–Øre (1976); 21. Øremerke–Øyreting (1977); 22. Register (1978)]. Copenhagen. |
KVHAAH |
Kungliga Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademiens Handlingar. |
Lat. |
Latin. |
LP |
JÓNSSON, Finnur, ed. 1916. Lexicon Poeticum. Copenhagen. |
Nn. |
Nynorsk. Neo-Norwegian. |
NO |
HELLEVIK, Alf, et al. 1966–. Norsk ordbok. Ordbok over det norske folkemålet og det nynorske skriftmålet. Oslo. |
Nordisk runnamnslexikon |
PETERSON, Lena. 2002. Nordisk runnamnslexikon; http://www.sofi.se; Internet |
ODa. |
Old Danish. |
ON |
Old Norse-Icelandic. |
ONF |
NIELSEN, Karl Martin. 1942. ‘Ord- og navneforråd’, in Jacobsen and Moltke, II, cols 625–748. |
ONP |
DEGNBOL, Helle, et al., eds. 1989–. Ordbog over det norrøne prosasprog. A Dictionary of Old Norse Prose. Vols 0– [0. Registre (1989); 1–2. Nøgle // Key (2000) 1. a–bam (1995); 2. ban–da (2000); de–em (2004)]. Copenhagen. |
OSM |
SÖDERWALL, Knut Fredrik. 1884–1918. Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket. 3 vols [1. A–L (1884–1918); 2: 1. M–T (1891–1900); 2: 2. TH–Ö (1900–18)]. SFSS Ser. 1, 27. |
| SÖDERWALL, Knut Fredrik, Walter ÅKERLUND, and Karl Gustav LJUNGGREN. 1925–53. Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket. Supplement A–N. SFSS Ser. 1, 54: 1. |
| SÖDERWALL, Knut Fredrik, Walter ÅKERLUND, Karl Gustav LJUNGGREN and Elias WESSÉN. 1954–73. Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket. Supplement O–Ö. SFSS Ser. 1, 54: 2. |
OSw. |
Old Swedish. |
Runverser |
BRATE, Erik, and Sophus BUGGE. 1887–91. Runverser. Antiqvarisk tidskrift för Sverige 10. |
Schlyter |
SCHLYTER, C. J. 1877. Ordbok till Samlingen af Sweriges Gamla Lagar. Corpus Iuris Sueo-Gotorum Antiqui 13. Lund. |
SFSS |
Svenska Fornskriftssällskapets Samlingar. |
SR |
Sveriges runinskrifter. |
SRR |
PETERSON, Lena. 1994. Svenskt runordsregister. 2nd edn. Runrön 2. Uppsala. |
Sv. Ljud. |
KOCK, Axel. 1906–29. Svensk ljudhistoria. 5 vols [1. Vokalism (1906); 2. [Vokalism] (1909–11); 3. [Vokalism] (1916–20); 4. [Vokalism] (1921); 5. [Vokalism] + Register by Walter Åkelund (1923–29)]. Lund. |
Sw. |
Swedish (modern). |
VEPN |
PARSONS, David N., et al., eds. 1997-. The Vocabulary of English Place-Names. Nottingham. |
$ |
new reading and/or interpretation |
? |
all normalized forms in the inscription are uncertain |
° |
inscription does not contain any runes, but only ornamentation |
† |
inscription has been lost |
a |
instance when more than one runic inscription appears on a page of an article |
b |
instance when more than one runic inscription appears on a page of an article |
c |
instance when more than one runic inscription appears on a page of an article |
d |
instance when more than one runic inscription appears on a page of an article |
M |
inscription is from the medieval period |
SENTIDA |
inscription is from later than the medieval period |
U |
inscription is pre-Viking Age |
V |
inscription is from the Viking age |
- |
symbol (usually a rune) that cannot be interpreted, but number of symbol(s) is clear |
( ) |
a damaged rune that can be interpreted with some certainty |
(?) |
normalized form of word is uncertain |
/ |
alternative rune-forms where interpretation is unclear |
[ ] |
supplemented text, where words can be supplemented with some certainty |
| |
rune that has been read twice |
< > |
runes that cannot be interpreted, but where the runes are otherwise clear to read |
= |
bind rune |
§A |
side A of runic inscription |
§B |
side B of runic inscription |
§C |
side C of inscription |
§D |
side D of inscription |
… |
parts of the inscription are missing or uninterpretable and the number of missing runes is uncertain |
P |
variant reading concerning more than a single word |
Q |
variant reading concerning more than a single word |
R |
variant reading concerning more than a single word |
S |
variant reading concerning more than a single word |